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Foliage consists of of two types - sharp, spreading needle-like juvenile leaves measuring 0.2 to 0.4 inch (5 – 10 mm) long, and tightly adpressed scale-like adult leaves that measure 0.08 to 0.16 inch (2 – 4 mm) long, arranged in opposite decussate pairs or occasionally whorls of three.Bark is reddish-brown, fibrous, and peels off in narrow strips.One of the oldest reported trees, from Missouri, was 795 years old. Eastern red-cedar is a densely branched, slow-growing evergreen coniferous species of tree that may never become more than a bush on poor soil, but ordinarily grows to mature heights of 15 to 60 feet (5 – 20 m) or rarely to 90 feet (27 m) tall, with a short trunk, 12 to 40 inches (30 – 100 cm) or rarely to 70 inches (170 cm) in diameter at breast height. It is treated by some authors at the lower rank of variety, while others treat it as a distinct species.ĭescription. Cones are smaller, at 0.12 to 0.16 inch ( 3 – 4 mm) scale leaves are blunt at apex and the bark is orange-brown in color. Habitat is along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts from North Carolina, south to central Florida and west to southeast Texas. Sabina silicicola (Small), Juniperus silicicola (Small) L.H.Bailey) is known as southern or sand juniper/red-cedar. Cones are larger at 0.16 to 0.28 inch (4 – 7 mm) scale leaves are acute at the apex and bark is red-brown. It is found in eastern North America, from Maine, west to southern Ontario and South Dakota, south to northernmost Florida and southwest into the post oak savannah of east-central Texas. virginiana is called eastern juniper / red-cedar. There are two specific varieties, which intergrade where they meet: However, "red-cedar" is the most-used common name. In its native range it is commonly called "cedar" or "red-cedar " names that are rejected by the American Joint Committee on Horticultural Nomenclature as it is, in fact, a juniper, not a true cedar (Cedrus). Juniperus virginiana, as described in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus (or Carolus Linnæus) (1707–1778), in Species Plantarum, 2nd edition, is commonly known as eastern red-cedar, red-cedar, eastern juniper, red juniper, pencil cedar, or aromatic cedar. Additions to the International Conifer Register.